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VENETO
GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY
With a surface of 18.391 square kilometres and a population of around 4,6 millions inhabitants, Veneto Region represents around 6% of the Italian territory and 8% of the total Italy's population. It is located in the north-east of Italy and its capital is Venice. From a physical point of view, Veneto Region is characterised by a variety of relief elements. Some 29% of the territory is mountainous with peaks rising to over 3,000 m in the extreme north, while approximately 56% lies in the eastern Po plain, overlooking on the low-lying sandy Adriatic coast.

The richness of Veneto Region is coming even from this physical variety: ambient, traditions and culture richness. From an historical point of view, Veneto Region is a border region, a crossing point of the European big communication lines from West to East and from North to South. Veneto Region is an important 'door' to East Europe and, at the same time, a South terminal grace to its harbour to the Adriatic Sea, one of the most important European communication axes. In bloom during the pluri-secular Venetian Republic, Veneto Region knew dark times after losing its independence in the last years of eighteenth century. It was a territory of poverty and emigration until thirty years ago when, due to its inhabitants tenacity as also to an original entrepreneurial formula, has registered a high and large welfare becoming from an emigration territory a territory of immigration and a model for economic development.

From a political and administrative point of view, Veneto Region is divided in seven provinces and in five hundred Communes at a lower administrative level. It is characterised by a polycentric urban structure with small cities of large dimensions and many cities of smaller or less smaller dimensions. Just three chief towns - Venice, Padua and Verona - exceed 200.000 inhabitants. Among the other provinces - Belluno, Rovigo, Treviso and Vicenza - only the last one exceeds the threshold of 100.000 inhabitants. The remaining part of the territory is a thick texture of cities, which often bear the traces of an ancient and glorious past.

The polycentric structure represents not only a simple model for urban development but has contributed to an entrepreneurial system of small and medium enterprises within the regional territory (an average of 10,1 inhabitants per every enterprise), capable to create a very competitive system with many enterprises as sector leaders on international markets. A particular territorial structure, a new model for development and hardworking inhabitants are elements which have contributed for Veneto Region to become the first Italian region in tourism, the second in agriculture and the third in industry.

INFRASTRUCTURE
Veneto Region has efficient structures in the transport key sectors: airports, harbours and inter-modal structures. The traffic volume of merchandise and passengers is increasing in all sectors. A major motorway running east to west links the main centres of the region with the industrial triangle of Milan, Turin and Genoa, while Verona is an important crossroads for road and rail communications with northern Europe.

Railroads too are well developed. The region has well equipped ports on Adriatic sea. Veneto is one of the three Italian regions endowed with first level intermodal structures. There are in fact three inter-ports: two top levels, located in Padua and Verona and a third one in Venice, with transfer to the railway and road transfer, connected to the main national and UE harbours. The Port of Venice is the third port in Northern Italy: it handles almost 10% of the traffic registered in Italian ports.

The Port of Venice is followed by two smaller structures: the Port of Chioggia and “Porto Levante” in Rovigo. The Venice airports system (which contains Venice and Treviso airports) and Catullo airport from Verona cover about 7,97% from the national traffic, with a transit of about 6,5 millions passengers.

ECONOMY
At European level, Veneto Region is one of the most developed areas. It produces about 9% of the country's gross value added and is fifth among the Italian regions in terms of per capita GDP (24,945.9). Veneto economic system is oriented mainly to export, in particular these main industrial sectors: metal-mechanical products, textile, leather, electrical equipment, metal and metal products and other manufactured products. From the imported products, transport, chemical and food products are the most important. From the main European Union partner countries, there are Germany, France, Spain and Great Britain and the main partners outside European Union are Switzerland, Romania and the United States of America.

The industrial sector is well developed with a lot of small and medium-sized firms that form the region's industrial base (typical industrial sectors in Veneto are clothing sector and furniture industry). With infrastructure evenly distributed throughout the territory and a good road network, it has been possible to avoid over-concentration of industry. The Region Veneto counts a number of small-medium enterprises, often born with characteristics of family management enterprise, but more and more oriented towards a new “group” organisation.

As basis of such progressive entrepreneurial reorganisation, the awareness of the importance of the added-value created by synergies among enterprises working in similar sectors and often connected by supply relations, respect to advantages originating from single dimensional expansions tending to reach high levels of mono-sectorial specialisation. Most of enterprises, that till now worked at local level remaining connected to the own industrial district, are now experimenting new kinds of collaborations beside national borders. These alliances abandons now traditional systems of communication and transport bounded by geographic proximity, giving space to computer technology and innovation. The region's agriculture is another important resource for the region with small or medium sized farms.

LABOUR MARKET
The total number of employees is 2,042,300. The employment rate is 63% of the work force, which is among the highest in Italy, and the unemployment rate is 4.02%. The rate of female employment is 39.8%. The sector based employment distribution rate is as follows: 56% in the service sector, 40.5% in industry, and the rest in agriculture.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Veneto spends 0.7% of its GDP in research and development, of which 0.4% in public sector, 0.08% in government, 0.02% in university and 0.2% in the private sector.
DATA RELATED TO REGIONAL STRUCTURAL FUNDS MECHANISMS
The region is EU objective 2. The total amount of ERDF funding for the current programme period (2000- 2006) is 333,767,516.43 euro.
REGIONAL PROGRAMME OF INNOVATIVE ACTIONS (RPIA)
The Veneto Region succeeded in managing two editions of RPIA, within the” e-EuropeRegio: the information society and regional development” strategic theme. The total cost is 5.200.000 (first RPIA) - 5.700.000 euro (second RPIA). The total amount of ERDF funding for the current programme period (2000- 2006) is 2.850.000 + 2.600.000 (in Mill EUR) and the amount of public funding (in Mill EUR) is 2.850.000 + 2.600.000. The action lines are seven (the cost per action is: 1) 1.500.000 euro; 2) 2.000.000 euro; 3) 1.500.000 euro; 4) 1.500.000 euro; 5) 1.250.000 euro; 6) 1.450.000 euro; 7) 1.300.000 euro). The seven actions are the following:

  • Safe Commerce - Speed up the integrated development of garanty and fidelity instruments in on-line services in particular in electronic commerce by internet; (RPIA 1)

  • Veneto Net ELTW - development of Telework capacity in the Veneto Region through the constitution of a network of E-Learning laboratories for Telework; (RPIA 1)

  • My Portal - stimulate relations between citizens and Local Public Administration through the activation of a Personalized Portal; (RPIA 1)

  • Net Globo -development, throught experimentation and training, of structural and organizing conditions for the development of a new profession, the “Glob Movers - Glocal business movers - “ connecting local interests and international business opportunities; (RPIA 1)

  • Viven Open Net - design, development and experimentation of a dynamic platform model for the connection and the on-line management of the cultural heritage of Veneto Villas and of the cultural, social and economic enterprising realized around them; (RPIA 2)

  • E-cluster - testing of how small high-tech enterprises-guide can connect with service and supply enterprises in crisis because of delocalization, and lead them to new opportunities of cooperation for project and supply management towards new far clients and by using modern technologies; (RPIA 2)

  • Citizens iTV - about development and experimentation of a new connecting channel with citizens, which is the Interactive Television, in the context of the E-Government. (RPIA 2)